Wires and Cables

Low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cables are environmentally friendly cables with flame resistance and low hazard characteristics. Their insulation and sheathing are typically made from halogen-free (i.e., free of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, etc.) polyolefin materials, using specialized formulations to achieve flame-retardant performance. When burned, these cables do not release toxic hydrogen halide gases and produce only small amounts of low-toxicity, low-corrosiveness smoke, maintaining high visibility and reducing casualties caused by toxic gases and thick smoke during fires. Their flame-retardant performance (classified as Class A, B, or C) effectively slows the spread of fire and meets strict fire safety requirements. The conductors are usually copper cores, with cross-linked polyethylene commonly used for insulation. The rated operating temperature is typically 90 °C, and the short-circuit withstand temperature can reach 250 °C. These cables are suitable for subways, airports, hospitals, large shopping centers, high-rise buildings, and other densely populated areas or locations with high demands for environmental safety, making them a key cable type in modern electrical systems where both safety and sustainability are essential.

Mineral-insulated cable is a high-performance cable composed of a metal sheath (typically copper), magnesium oxide powder as the insulation layer, and a metal conductor (copper or aluminum). Its structure consists, from the inside out, of the conductor, mineral insulation layer, and metal sheath, all compressed and sealed at high temperatures to form an integrated rigid or flexible structure. This type of cable features exceptional fire resistance, withstanding temperatures above 1000°C and maintaining power supply for extended periods during fires (typically ≥ 3 hours), without combustion or emission of toxic gases. It also offers waterproof, explosion-proof, corrosion-resistant, and impact-resistant properties, with a service life of several decades to even over a century, remaining virtually unaffected by environmental humidity, chemical corrosion, or physical wear. Based on structural differences, it can be divided into rigid mineral-insulated cables (such as the BTTZ type, with a seamless copper tube sheath and high hardness) and flexible mineral-insulated cables (such as the BTLY type, designed with special processes for flexibility and ease of bending installation). These cables are widely used in nuclear power plants, super high-rise buildings, large hospitals, subways, tunnels, and other critical areas with stringent fire safety and reliability requirements, serving as a core cable type for ensuring stable operation of essential power and signal systems under bad conditions.

Fire-resistant cable is designed to maintain safe operation for a certain period under high temperatures or fire conditions. Its core feature lies in the use of special materials (such as mica tape, ceramifiable silicone rubber, etc.) and structural designs that ensure circuit integrity. Typically, it can sustain power transmission for over 90 minutes in flames ranging from 750 °C to 1000 °C. This type of cable is widely used in high-rise buildings, subways, power stations, and chemical plants—places with stringent fire safety requirements. According to standards, fire-resistant cables are classified into Class A (950 °C/90min) and Class B (750 °C/90min). Some products also combine flame retardant and low-smoke halogen-free properties, effectively slowing the spread of fire and reducing toxic smoke, thus gaining crucial time for evacuation and firefighting efforts.

Hard copper wire is a rigid copper conductor made from high-purity copper through processes such as drawing and annealing. It features a smooth surface and a regular circular cross-section, offering good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and chemical stability. Compared to soft copper wire, hard copper wire undergoes fewer annealing processes, resulting in greater rigidity and resistance to bending or deformation, as well as higher mechanical strength. It is suitable for applications that require a fixed shape or must withstand mechanical stress, such as overhead transmission lines, fixed internal wiring in electrical equipment, and busbars in distribution cabinets. With its high conductivity, hard copper wire effectively reduces energy loss in power transmission and electrical devices, while its stable physical properties ensure long-term reliability, making it a commonly used foundational conductive material in power engineering and electrical manufacturing.

High-flexibility multi-core wire is an ultra-flexible electrical cable composed of multiple fine copper strands twisted together and treated through specialized processes. The conductor is formed by intertwining numerous soft copper wires, enclosed in an insulating sheath that provides both good flexibility and conductivity. Compared to single-core hard wires or standard multi-core cables, this wire—thanks to its fine-strand structure and optimized annealing treatment—offers bend resistance and fatigue durability. It is ideal for dynamic applications involving frequent bending or twisting without breaking, and is widely used in scenarios requiring repeated motion, such as internal wiring of industrial robots, cables in medical devices, drag chain cables in automated equipment, and signal transmission in precision instruments. Its multi-strand twisted construction ensures efficient conductivity while dispersing mechanical stress to enhance overall flexibility. As such, it is the ideal solution for high-dynamic, high-flexibility wiring needs and plays a critical role in manufacturing and precision electronics industries.

Soft copper wire is a flexible conductive wire made from high-purity copper through multiple drawing and annealing processes. It features a smooth surface, soft texture, and good ductility, offering outstanding electrical conductivity and bending performance. Compared to hard copper wire, soft copper wire undergoes full annealing, resulting in lower rigidity and high malleability, which allows it to adapt to complex wiring environments and frequent bending demands. It is widely used in applications requiring flexible wiring, such as internal connections of electrical devices, power cords for household appliances, communication cable connections, and internal wiring of precision instruments. With its exceptional flexibility and conductivity, soft copper wire ensures stable current transmission while meeting diverse installation requirements, making it an indispensable foundational conductive material in the electrical, electronics, and telecommunications industries.